surabaya, OF ABOUT

Grahadi word derived from Sanskrit the House have a good sense, was founded in 1795 by the ruler VOC (United Dutch East Indies Trading). Originally this building is just a home garden (tuinhuis) majordomo Netherlands (Dirk Van Hogendorp) overlooking the river to the Mas, and then changed to the home resident (residentswoning).

Building Description: The main area of 2416 m2, the building support 4125.75 m2 built with French style architecture with architect Deandels. Style of the Empire style with a Greek-style pillars (Doric)
Description: building function since this Governor Samadikoen (1949-1957), to the side as the workplace is also used as a building where the State receives and entertain guests of the coming visit to East Java (Surabaya) Origin "Surabaya" and symbols " Sura and old "
Historical evidence shows that Singapore has been long before the colonial era, as noted in the inscription Trowulan I, numbered 1358 M. In prasati is revealed that the Surabaya (churabhaya) is still a village ditepian Brantas river as one of the most important crossing place along the river Brantas.

Surabaya (Surabhaya) is also listed in pujasastra State Kertagama written by Prapanca about travel cruises Mightiness Hayam Wuruk in the year 1365 in pupuh XVII (to the temple-5, the last line).

Although the oldest written evidence to include the name of Surabaya numbered years 1358 M (inscription Trowulan) & 1365 M (State Kertagama), experts suspect that Surabaya has been the year before the page.

According to the hypothetical Von Faber, Singapore was founded in 1275 by M King Kertanagara new settlement as a place for a successful prajuritnya quell the rebellion Kemuruhan year 1270, M. Hypothetical others say that the first named Ujung Surabaya Galuh.

The word "Singapore" is often defined as the symbol of the philosophical struggle between land and water between land and water. In addition, Singapore's words also appear mythical battle between fish Suro (Sura) and Boyo (old or Crocodile), which raises allegations that the name of Surabaya after the occurrence of war between fish and Farming Sura (old).

So that does not cause kesimpang-siuran in the community Walikotamadya Head Regional Level II Surabaya, dijabat by Mr. Soeparno, issued Decree No. 64/WK/75 anniversary of the establishment of the city, Surabaya. Decree is set on 31 May 1293 as the date so the city of Surabaya. Date the agreement is set up a group of historians that was formed by the government that the city of Surabaya name comes from the word "Sura bhaya ing" which means "courage at risk" is taken from phase dikalahkannya by army troops Mongol leader Raden Wijaya Java on 31 May 1293.

Symbol of the city of Surabaya in the form of fish and crocodile Sura there are lots of stories. One of the famous fight of the fish and crocodile Sura told by LCR. Breeman, a leader in Surabaya Nutspaarbank in 1918.

There are still many stories about the meaning and spirit of Surabaya. Overall inspire the making of the symbol-the symbol of Surabaya city. Symbol Surabaya applicable to this set by the city of Surabaya DPRS with Decision no. 34/DPRDS dated 19 June 1955, strengthened with the Presidential Decree RI No. 193 1956 14 December 1956 of its contents:

1. Symbol hexagon-shaped shield that distilir (gesty leerd), which is meant to protect the city of Surabaya.
2. Tugu Pahlawan painting symbolizes the heroic son-daughter of Surabaya in maintaining Independence against the colonizers.
3. Painting and old fish Sura Sura, which means Ing old son symbolizes the nature of courage-Surabaya daughter who does not tremble at the danger.
4. Colors blue, black, silver (white) and gold (yellow) sejernih and secermelang made possible, in order to produce such a symbol is satisfactory.
Period 1300 (Majapahit / Hindu)
According to the hypothetical Von Faber, Singapore was founded in 1275 by M King Kertanagara new settlement as a place for a successful prajuritnya quell the rebellion Kemuruhan year 1270, M. Hypothetical others say that the first named Ujung Surabaya Galuh.

On May 31, 1293 Raden Wijaya (founder of the Kingdom of Majapahit) with courage and heroic spirit and soul and drive out the success of the tar-tar, troops from Mongolia earth emperor of Majapahit. Of the tar-tar leave through Ujung Galuh Majapahit, a village located in the northern North Surabaya, in the mouth of Kali Mas.

In inscription Trowulan I, numbered in 1358 revealed that the M Surabaya (churabhaya) is still a village ditepian Brantas river as one of the most important crossing place along the river Brantas.

From 1483-1542, Surabaya is part of the kingdom of Demak. After that more than 30 years old Surabaya have power under the rule of Madura. and between 1570 until 1587, Surabaya in below Pajang dynasty.

In the year 1596, the Dutch first came to East Java under the command of Cornelis Houtman.

Period 1600 (Islam)
In the year 1612 Surabaya is already a busy seaport trade. Many Portuguese traders to buy spices from the indigenous traders. Indigenous traders to buy spices in secretly from Banda, although there has been agreement with the VOC is forbids people to trade to Banda own interests.

After years of Surabaya in 1625 fell into the hands of the kingdom of Mataram. After subjection of the kingdom of Mataram, Surabaya 1967 due to the chaos of the pirate attacks that originate from Makasar. Circumstances at the time this is not certain names appear Trunojoyo, a prince from Madura tribe of Mataram, who rebelled against the King of Mataram. With the help of those who successfully Makasar Trunojoyo the Madura and Surabaya.

Under the authority of Trunojoyo, Surabaya port into the storehouse, and transit goods from the fertile region, the Brantas delta. Kalimas to "rivers of gold" that bring valuables from the hinterland.

With the reason you want to help Mataram, in the year 1677 Kompeni send Cornelis Speelman equipped with a large force of war to Surabaya. Fort can be finally Trunojoyo Speelman. Then the Governor General to the Surabaya Couper restore Mataram.

In the 18 century, the year 1706, Singapore became the first event under the leadership Kompeni and Govert Knol Untung Surapati.

After the war continuously, on 11 November 1743 Paku Buwono II of the kingdom of Mataram and General Governor Van Imhoff in Surakarta to be signed an agreement stating that he was right on the north coast of Java and Madura (including diSurabaya) to the VOC that was provide assistance until he ascended the throne in the kingdom Mataram.Tetapi new Dutch troops to Singapore on 11-April-1746.

VOC establish a new governance structure in the coastal region north of Java and Madura to the position of governor in Semarang. In Surabaya was a Gezaghebber in den Oostthoek (ruler of East Java).

Year 1794-1798 between the ruler of East Java is Dirk van Hogendorp. On September 6, 1799, Fredrick Jacob Rothenbuhler replace Van Hogendorp power until 1809. In the year 1807 Surabaya get attacks from the British navy under the command of Admiral Pillow finally leave Surabaya.

After the bankruptcy VOC, Dutch East Indies to the Dutch government. Surabaya years 1808-1811 under the direct government of Governor-General Herman Willem Daendels that make Singapore as a small European town. Surabaya is built into the city as well as trade fortress city.

Surabaya years 1811-1816 under the authority of the UK dijabat by Raffles. Year 1813 Singapore became a city that can dibanggakan, up-until William Thorn in the memoir of Java Conguest of Gresik City argued that (in the past to become a bustling port city) has become obsolete when compared to Surabaya.

Then again Surabaya occupied Netherlands. Year 1830-1850, Surabaya truly shaped the city as a fortress with the Prins Hendrik fortress in the mouth Kalimas. In the year 1870, Singapore continues to develop to the south into a modern city.

Period 1900
On 1 April 1906 set as the Surabaya municipality (gemeente) based on the 1 March 1906. Since that time all government run by the Board of City (Gemeente Raad), under the direction Assistant Resident AR. Lutter double as a temporary mayor.

In the year 1942 until 1945, the city of Surabaya is under the control of Japan. During the Japanese occupation for 3 years, the city can be said not to progress at all.

Proclamation 17 August 1945 burning spirit Arek-Arek Surabaya against colonists, there were up to Surabaya Inferno mengguggah the oppressed nations to rise against the colonizers.

On Monday, 3 September 1945 Resident Soedirman proclaim RI Government of East Java and in the welcome action Bunting in all corners of Surabaya. Dutch aircraft distribute the announcement flyer that associate / Netherlands akan landed in Surabaya, which caused the Dutch flag with proud mengirbakan Orange Hotel in the Netherlands on 19 September 1945, this cause anger Arek-Arek Suroboyo so there with the bloody incidents terbuhuhnya Mr. Ploegman. Dirobek blue red white and blue berkibarlah the Red and White with megahnya in the air.

25th October 1945 English army landed in Surabaya, 49-to brigade strength with 6000 soldiers, led by Brig. Jend. A.W.S. Mallaby, experienced troops from the war the world stage which consists of Gurkha troops from Nepal and Northern India. Next day on 26-27 October 1945 some British planes drop leaflets that ordered the population of Surabaya and East Java the weapons. Date 28 October 1945 there were incidents in all corners of the city.

Peak on 30-31 October 1945 British army leave the building Internatio Brig. Mallaby died, the car exploded in smoke. Date 9 November 1945 ultimatum signed by May. Jend. E.S. The Division of Masergh ally in East Java, have people submit without weapons requirements before 18:00 hours and if does not perform up to 06.00 hours on 10 November 1945 morning akan sting Force military strength with the land, Sea and Air.

Respectively at 21:00 & 23:00 hours after the central government in Jakarta is not the successful establishment of the Board to revoke the UK ultimatumnya. Governor Soerjo which is a relief, "It's better than the occupation destroyed again." Date 10 November 1945, occurred in the tremendous battle throughout the city, mass resistance against the army of the people of Surabaya partners, so that the victim fell everywhere, for 18 days Surabaya like hell. With the destruction of the people in the citadel of paramilitary troops Gunungsari on 28 November 1945 while the entire city of Surabaya fell into the hands of the associate.

The heroic Arek-Arek Surabaya with a valiant struggle to end point of blood, for the sovereignty and tegaknya ideals of the Indonesian nation was built Tugu Pahlawan monument which was dated 10 November 1962 by President RI.Hotel Oranje
the hotel is the oldest large in Indonesia. Founded by Lucas Martin Sarkies traders from Armenia. The hotel is planned by British architect James Afprey in Art Nouveau architecture start, built in 1910. Previous Sarkies family already established some of the luxurious hotels in Asia and the famed, conto Hotel in Niagara Lawang, Eastern and Oriental Hotel in Penang (Malaysia), Strand Hotel in Rangoon (Burma) and the Raffles Hotel in Singapore.

Hotel opened in 1911 with the name "Hotel Oranje". In the year 1931 in front of the old part of the entrance foyer of the new built in Art Deco style by architect Prof. Ir. Charles Prosper Wolff Schoemaker (1882-1949). With this addition, hotelnya hotel into one of the most beautiful and coolest in the world.

During the Japanese occupation to change the name of the hotel into Hoteru Yamato and serves as a prison. On 19 september 1945 here as "The incidence Flag". Extremist Dutch colonial flag raising red-white-blue tower in this hotel. Milis Indonesian nationalist climb the tower and rip it out of the blue flag Dutch flag was changed to Indonesian.

Hotel Oranje in use until 1950s. Hotelnya dinasionalisasikan that time and the name changed to Hotel Majapahit. Because the hotel management ugly slowly into the former-former accommodation. In 1996 the group mandarin Oriental gedungnya purchase and begin restoration intensive. Hotelnya get back into the old and the coolest hotel in Surabaya with 5 stars.